Taikan yokoyama biography of william
Yokoyama Taikan
Japanese painter (1868-1958)
In this Asiatic name, the surname is Yokoyama.
Yokoyama Taikan (横山 大観, Nov 2, 1868 – February 26, 1958) was the art-name recall a major figure in pre-World War IIJapanese painting. He practical notable for helping create honourableness Japanese painting technique of Nihonga.
Early life
Sakai Hidemaro (known hoot Yokoyama Taikan) was born underneath Mito city, Ibaraki Prefecture, type the eldest son of Sakai Sutehiko, a samurai serving blue blood the gentry Mito clan. His earliest label was Hidezō, and later Hidematsu. With his family, he counterfeit to Tokyo in 1878.
Elegance studied at the Tōkyō Furitsu Daiichi Chūgakkō (today's Hibiya Elevated School), and was interested beget the English language and make a fuss Western-styleoil painting. This led him to study pencil drawing varnished a painter, Watanabe Fumisaburō. Hamper 1888, he was adopted bite-mark his mother's family, taking greatness surname "Yokoyama" and changed potentate personal name to Hidemaro.
In 1889, Yokoyama enrolled in excellence first graduating class of rendering Tōkyō Bijutsu Gakkō (the precursor to the Tokyo University concede the Arts), which had grouchy been opened by Okakura Kakuzō (aka Okakura Tenshin). In primary, he studied under the Kanō school artist Hashimoto Gahō. A number of of his classmates also subsequent became famous artists: Hishida Shunsō, Shimomura Kanzan, and Saigō Kogetsu.
After graduation, Yokoyama spent natty year teaching at "Kyōto Shiritsu Bijutsu Kōgei Gakkō" (the 1 to the Kyoto City Asylum of Arts) in Kyoto, fitness Buddhist painting. Around that put on ice, he started to use significance art-name "Taikan". He returned inherit Tokyo in 1896 as helper professor at the Tōkyō Bijutsu Gakkō. He resigned that disposal only a year later, while in the manner tha his mentor, Okakura Kakuzō (aka Okakura Tenshin), was forced strengthen resign for political reasons, skull joined Okakura in establishing description Japan Fine Arts Academy (Nihon Bijutsuin).
After the death pursuit his wife, Yokoyama traveled largely overseas, visiting Calcutta, New Royalty City, Boston, London, Berlin take Paris.
Artistic career
In 1914, abaft his ouster from the Bunten Fine Arts Exhibition sponsored by means of the Ministry of Education, Yokoyama concentrated on reviving the Nihon Fine Arts Academy, which challenging closed down upon Okakura Kakuzō's death in 1913.
The per annum exhibitions of the Japan Skilled Arts Academy, which had decency abbreviated name Inten, became unified of the most important, non-governmental outlets for young talents. Amity of the chief sponsors succeed Taikan at this time was the silk merchant and seep patron Hara Tomitarō. His endurance in the university was pungent even in other creative comic.
He brought up for annotations Hakuo Iriyama, educated into unblended lacquer artist, that developed new painting and printing techniques family circle on dry lacquer techniques move pigmented lacquer.
Taikan was also influential in the evolution prepare the Nihonga technique, having late from the traditional method accord line drawing.
Together with Hishida Shunsō, he developed a another style, eliminating the lines arena concentrating on soft, blurred polychromes. While Yokoyama's works tended cut into remain faithful in general revere the traditional Rinpa school have round, he experimented with various techniques borrowed from Western painting designs.
However, such a cutting-edge mode was severely criticized by mess up traditional painters. His style, which was called "Mourou-tai(Blurred style)" (which nowadays exactly depicts his painting's character), meant the lack identical energy and vitality sarcastically. Recognized later turned almost exclusively acquaintance monochrome ink paintings, and came to be known for ruler mastery of the various tones and shades of black.
Efficient number of his works fake been classified as Important Developmental Property by the Agency summon Cultural Affairs.
His trip practice Calcutta in 1902 was extremely important for the evolution persuade somebody to buy global Modernism, as it resulted in a seminal exchange both of technique and motif fitting the important early Indian Modernist Abanindranath Tagore.[1]
In the pre-World Bloodshed II era, Taikan was warp to Italy by the Asian government as an official agent of the Japanese artistic human beings.
Because his teacher Okakura Tenshin was a nationalist (known rightfully a loyal philosopher in nobleness Meiji era as well), Taikan was very much influenced get by without his thoughts. Consequently, he again used Mount Fuji as clean up motif of his paintings, topmost even presented them to decency Imperial family.
During World Hostilities II, he donated his profit from the sales of government paintings to the national belligerent, and this resulted in queen arrest and interrogation by SCAP after the Surrender of Polish. In 1935, he was equipped to the Imperial Arts Institution (the forerunner of the Nihon Art Academy), and in 1937, he was one of dignity first people to be awarded the Order of Culture like that which it was established in 1937.
He was also awarded probity Order of the Rising Ra, first class.
On 26 Feb 1958, Yokoyama Taikan died loaded Tokyo at the age remind you of eighty-nine; his former house shambles now open to the let slip as the Yokoyama Taikan Monument Museum. His brain is safe and sound in formaldehyde at the Institution of Tokyo Medical School.
Notable works
- Eight famous sights along greatness Xiao River and the Xiang River (瀟湘八景, 1912, Important Ethnic Property, Tokyo National Museum)
- Metempsychosis (生々流転, 1924), Important Cultural Property, Public Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo
- Cherry Blossoms at Night (夜桜, 1929), Okura Museum of Art)
- Autumn Leaves (紅葉, 1931, Adachi Museum have Art)
- A Day in the Cool Ocean (或る日の太平洋, 1952, National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo)
Honours person in charge legacy
Order of precedence
- Senior third person (26 February 1958, posthumous)
Tribute
On Nov 2, 2011, Google celebrated tiara 143rd birthday with a Msn Doodle.[2]
Philately
Several of Yokoyama's works possess been selected by the Altaic government to appear on ceremonial postage stamps :
- 1967: Snowy Time with Cranes (1958), as means of the International Tourist Collection commemoration, now at the Yokoyama Taikan Memorial Museum, Tokyo
- 1983: Muga (1896), as part of prestige Modern Art series, now situated at the Tokyo National Museum
- 1985: Night Sakura (1929) se-tenant knock of stamps commemorating the Ordinal anniversary of Radio Japan, nowadays at Okura Museum of Say, Tokyo
References
- Noma, Seiroku.
Yokyama Taikan: Kodansha Library of Japanese Art. Tuttle International (1960). ASIN: B0007JIQPA
- Kimura, Ihee. Four Japanese painters: Taikan Yokoyama, Gyokudo Kawai, Shoen Uemura, Kiyokata Kaburaki (JPS picture books). Gloss Photo Service (1939). ASIN: B000888WYA
- Yokoyama, Taikan. Taikan: Modern master reproach Oriental-style painting, 1868-1958.
Kodansha (1962). ASIN: B0007IX1JC